They pleaded with her to renounce it. Melissa-Leigh Nowicki Aaron Nee And they realize that they're in danger. In a sweeping decision, Taney ruled that Congress had no authority to prevent the spread of slavery to the territories. The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles He whipped John again! Their influence extended from urban centers like Philadelphia and New York to remote settlements like Cincinnati, a boomtown on the Western Frontier. And after that point, that divide can never be bridged. Narrator:Over the next two years, Garrison gradually won adherents to the anti-slavery cause. WGBH Educational Foundation William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff, audio):The American Union was effected by a guilty compromise between the free and slave-holding states -- in other words, by incorporating the slave system into the government. He had few subscribers, and no experience as either a printer or a businessman. At last, the squabbling abolitionist factions came together again, including, above all, Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison. David Kruta, Production Sound Mixers members of the growing band of reformers who worked to abolish, or end, slavery. By the winter of 1845, Frederick Douglass had been touring the anti-slavery circuit for four years. In the 50 years since the Revolution, every Northern state had outlawed slavery. He had to be carried from his jail cell to a cot that was set up in the courtroom. Reeling from his brush with death, Garrison retreated to the Connecticut countryside with his wife Helen, who was pregnant with their first child. I'm not afraid of you We're not fighting each other, we're fighting the God-damned abolitionists Just relax You back off of me Don't you mess with me, boy. Fragmentary reports of the uprising spread across the country. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):Did you hear last night? Its words were few, and full of holy fire. James Corrado He and four of the survivors, including Shields Green, were trapped in an engine house at the armory. Narrator:Garrison's publication of the letter horrified Angelina's friends and even her sister Sarah. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):What will 22 men do with 100,000 rifles? Narrator:On January 1st, 1831, Garrison's long-awaited day arrived. Scott Carter, Key Set Production Assistants There was no time to rest -- New York was crawling with bounty hunters. 1800's including; religious reform, education reform, temperance movement, labor reform, women's rights movement, movement, prison reform, and art, music, and culture, 1800's PowerPoint" found in my store. Now, I would like to introduce to you a graduate from the "peculiar institution." Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):But how? Tony Horwitz, Author:What Brown has done, ultimately, is just to expose the depth of the divide between North and South. But with its publication, Angelina Grimk's public career was over. He scrounged around for printing supplies and convinced a colleague to loan him a few reams of paper. But her appearance in Rochester sparked rumors, and when she moved into Douglass's home those rumors blossomed into a full-blown scandal. Nikita Moyer In May of 1840, they quit the American Anti-Slavery Society. She walked all the way back a handful of times, but even so, they never let me know her enough to really love her. Agitators. And in Boston, one of them was coming to understand that God intended he do something about it. Kevin Burger Season 1 Episode 3, This resource contains 56 questions with a key pertaining to, 53 minute film on Amazon. But for Northerners, the most galling provision in the Compromise was the Fugitive Slave Law. Freddy Galfus You lost all the fluids in your body, you were wracked by convulsions, and there was nothing that anybody could do. The mobs shattered every abolitionist assumption: that righteousness would triumph over evil, that their fellow Americans would listen to reason, that their Northern neighbors would support the abolitionist cause. We're gonna keep this thing going. When he left London to return home in the spring of 1847, 1,400 people came to see him off. For almost four decades, Garrison had dedicated his life to this moment. Patrick Phelan Hiroaki Sasa, Maps and Text Animation The abolitionist movement typically refers to the organized uprising against slavery that grew in the 30 years prior to the United States Civil War. They illustrate a broad range of talents and remarkable accomplishments for, included brief biographies are: Narrator:Through it all, Lincoln seemed immovable. She was taken away after I was born, to work as a field hand 12 miles away. But for Garrison, the real triumph came the next morning, at a mass meeting of freed slaves. Elizabeth Purves There, he could carry on Garrison's campaign to isolate the South, by urging Britons to cut ties with American slaveholders. Lois Brown, Historian:You see the South rising to say, "This is yet another assault on our way of life. Failure to comply is a copyright infringement and a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Vance Philips By this time, a company of U.S. Marines had arrived, under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee. Douglass would have none of it. The experience would change his life. At each stop, Garrison was reminded that his protg was coming to eclipse him. But one has to see the Devil in order to then turn towards God. By the end of the week, Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel about the evils of slavery had sold 10,000 copies; within two months, 50,000. Dexter Wuest, Catering Harriet Beecher Stowe (Kate Lyn Sheil, audio):My heart breaks at the cruelty and injustice our nation inflicts on the slave. They've killed people, and not the first people he's killed. Massachusetts Historical Society It was an immediate and an immense bestseller. That evening, Garrison collapsed. Civil with your class. Three paper mills feeding three printing presses running 24 hours a day, and still the publisher couldn't keep up. Douglass remembered being unable to listen to the speakers, as he kept his eye on the door. A volley of insults and allegations appeared inThe Liberator. He had created a movement, had led it through every adversity without wavering. John Wik, Archival Materials Courtesy of News of the guerilla war flaring in Kansas became the talk of the nation. Mr. Douglass, how many slaveholders have you converted? The result was mayhem. Abolitionists were losing hope. The Virginia Film Office His eulogy was more than a memorial to one man. The greeting that they would give you is almost impossible for me to express. Narrator:William Lloyd Garrison had been waging war against slavery for 25 years, but tonight, victory seemed inconceivable. Buy the entire bundle for only $2.98. ***This product is a PowerPoint for students to identify, significance causes, leader(s), and effects of. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):I am flattered, sir. Susan Demirjian All rights reserved. Woody Chapman Somerville Community Access Television, Somerville, MA Some of them were deeply offended by his support of women's rights. Students will learn about, NO PREP FEBRUARY BUNDLE - 12 Word Search Puzzle Worksheet Activities, mid-winter doldrums and always have something fun on hand to keep your kiddos busy and learning with this bundle of word search worksheets. I was nothing before. Kareem Washington Joan D. Hedrick, Historian:It was a terrible disease. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Mr. Garrison, you must understand how unexpected this is. Douglass brushed the talk aside. He moved not with the tide, but against it. Paris Jones Russ Wade There is a kind of work that Garrison can do, precisely because he is a white man in America in the 1830s. Time and again Garrison, Grimk, Weld, and their kindred spirits had sounded the warning: the Republic couldn't forever encompass the ideal of liberty and the reality of slavery. I can assure you Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):And I can assure you that you'll be walking into a perfect steel trap R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:He's talking about invading the South and occupying the South and taking over the South, sort of building this republic out, one mile at a time, and that republic is going to be a new country. David W. Blight, Historian:That was in some ways the turning point of Frederick Douglass's life, and certainly the turning point in the historical life of African Americans. For this reason, they are now, as never before, looking out into the world for a place of retreat, and asylum. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff, audio):Just God! The organization remained, with Garrison at its head, but membership and income plummeted. Beecher opposed slavery in principle, but distrusted activists who "recklessly" advocated immediate abolition. Called by many names, the abolitionists tore the nation apart in order to create a more perfect union. Narrator:For Brown, Lovejoy's death was a sign from God: He must never again stand helpless in the face of evil. Abbey Taylor, Location Production Assistants Narrator:As the daughter of one of South Carolina's first families, Angelina Grimk lived in almost unimaginable luxury. His friends in Britain had raised money so that he could launch his own anti-slavery newspaper. Zareh Mozian He even envisioned a future in which black Americans could share in their country's promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Dolores Hillgrube R. Mark Hughes, Leadmen Mr. Green, you've heard Mr. Brown. You're just constantly trying to get out of it like a drowning man. Fotosearch Meanwhile, a few miles outside the city, anti-slavery activists marked the occasion in a very different spirit. They vowed to spread the anti-slavery gospel to every city, town, and village, and they agreed to use what they called "moral suasion" to convert slaveholders to the cause. A meal like this is a rare pleasure these days. He had once been a successful merchant and tanner, a good provider to his family. The New-York Historical Society John Wicker, Set Medics The evening of Brown's execution, 4,000 people crowded into Boston's Tremont Temple. Instead, it triggered a wave of repression throughout the slave states. And in the spring of 1854 this wave of resistance came to a head, when the national battle over slavery suddenly focused on a solitary prisoner in Boston's city jail. It was all they needed. The Abolitionists Reading with Questions | Student Handouts Tom Dinardo I love -- I, I what?". Supervising Sound Editor Finally, John Brown stood up and raised his right hand. A few months earlier, scores of abolitionists had descended on New York for a training session. He was a stunning man. John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):You've been at this for years. Douglas Sloan Phillis Wheatley - Poet (c. 1753 - December 5, 1784) As a final insult, abolitionists were cast as villains who had almost torn the nation apart. Pro-slavery forces really have the upper hand. Nicholas Keeton David W. Blight, Historian:The sensation Douglass felt at that moment is, "Oh, God, what comes now? Shaun WoodlandWilliam Nell When Garrison is forced to choose, he chooses abolition over his peace principles. But in the fall of 1850, the country stepped back from the brink, when Congress adopted what became known as "The Great Compromise." On the morning of October 21st, 1835, he made his way across town to deliver yet another anti-slavery lecture. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):It is my business! abolitionists were often targeted and harassed, sometimes violently. R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:This is God's punishment. I am glad -- I suppose -- that you are so diligent about your faith. Frederick Douglass, for one, had begun to question his own faith in a peaceful end to slavery and in American democracy itself. Narrator:Through 1847 and 1848, the question of the new territories festered. They've already been committing it, and now it's let loose the dogs of war. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):May the sun continue to shine as it now does, and may our Father guide us in love through the rest of our pilgrimage. We'll get him Hey, we'll get him on the way back out! It was something to make the boldest hold his breath. Soon, Boston was in an uproar. Melondy Phillips Harriet Beecher Stowe (Kate Lyn Sheil, audio):It was at his dying bed, and at his grave, that I learned what a poor slave mother may feel when her child is torn away from her. I do. James Brewer Stewart. Their ship was due to sail in 13 days. ", William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):And let all the people say, "Amen.". As the arguments escalated, Angelina began linking the rights of enslaved people to the rights of women. , Video Response Worksheets serve as great emergency sub plans. He had many more black supporters than white supporters. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):Mother? National Archives Victory meant abolition. I feel, my Theodore, that we are the two halves of one whole, two bodies animated by one soul, and that the Lord has given us to each other. Benjamin Banneker - Author, Surveyor, Farmer (Nov. 9, 1731 - Oct. 9, 1806) John Stauffer, Historian:Abolitionists never waver in their faith or their hope that any day, any moment, slavery can end. Boston's black citizens poured into Tremont Temple to listen to speakers and sing hymns. Jessica Levin John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):I had hoped for more men, of course. Narrator:By the time Brown left Ohio for the last leg of the journey to eastern Kansas, he had gathered a formidable arsenal of rifles, pistols, and broadswords. "As I made my way to the stage," Douglass recalled, "I was shaking in every limb.". Franky Garrison (Jacob Washburn):The fort's burning. John Stauffer, Historian:Suddenly abolitionists are looking prophetic. Mr. Frederick Douglass. For her, its cruelty was all too real -- every account of flight, of capture, tore at the agonizing memory of Charley's death. He wanted to effect change directly. Elijah Lovejoy's death struck at something deep within John Brown, conjuring up a memory that had haunted him for years. And now you have this political fight going on over what's gonna happen with that land. They then proceeded a few blocks to Zion's Church, where a mass of humanity pressed into every available spot. Carol Berkin, Historian:Of course, since they're women, to speak in front of a mixed -- or as they called it, promiscuous -- audience of men and women was absolutely forbidden. And he starts to say, "The churches are pro-slavery -- we're coming out of all the churches. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Julie Roy Jeffrey, Historian:I think he recognized that this was a turning point. What sort of bloodbath may flow from this?" It's started! Narrator:Shields Green and the other captives had already been sentenced to hang. John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):Your speeches have been an inspiration to us. Thirty years after the former 13 American colonies abandoned the Articles of Confederation "in order to form a more . Doug Sloans Loveable Llamas, Historic Horses, and Etc. Sarah Ruby Southerners perceived a mortal threat, and talked openly of secession. Marc Flicker Thomas Petersen, Best Boy Electrics Narrator:Garrison and the other abolitionists took up the call. He never forgives Douglass. Written by Isaac Watts Once Garrison and the other dignitaries had been seated at the pulpit, a black man and his two daughters approached. & Paul Fouquet, C.S.A. But then, suddenly, his life collapsed: a series of business disasters plunged him deep into debt. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):But if we stoop to bloodshed, we are no better than they are. I have known the mistress of a family borrow servants to wait on company, because their own slaves had been so cruelly flogged, that they could not walk without limping at every step, and their putrefied flesh emitted such an intolerable smell that they were not fit to be in the presence of company. Carol Berkin, Historian:Angelina attacked slavery not in the beginning because she cared about the slaves. The announcement came upon us with the startling effect of an earthquake. Narrator:Douglass took hope in Lincoln's candidacy, and publicly endorsed him. Dorothea Swiac Let the Christian women of the South arise, and salvation is certain. Framerunner, Inc. Voice-Over Recording Session A new country, a new constitution, a new history is going to come out of this. Narrator:Many of Garrison's old friends had had enough. From here, we can strike a blow against the slave masters. The petitions, the campaigns, the rallies, the marches, the meetings and resolutions and fundraisers, the mobs, the beatings -- all of the sacrifices had been suddenly dealt away by a handful of men in Washington. You don't do it by playing on the outrage. Garrison, like everybody, like Douglass, like all the people that have been in tremendous conflict with each other before the war, are in a sense reunited in the war for the Union. You have a gift, sir, you really do. Charlotte Sudol, Additional Hair/Makeup John Stauffer, Historian:For Douglass, what better symbol of democracy and of racial equality is there in the United States is if the federal government arms and gives uniforms to black soldiers and tells them to kill white men. But he was out of their reach. My plan is to take handpicked men and post them in squads of fives on a line here. He could walk anywhere. This is disobedience to proper society, to the South, to the church. Grimk was unflinching in her own account. Garrison and New York businessman Lewis Tappan hoped to build on this momentum with a bold plan to directly confront Southern slaveholders and their supporters. The slaughter of the first two years of war was but a prelude. Michelle Muller Daniel Sheets But they had exposed the fatal weakness in the Union, and set the nation on course to the gravest crisis in its history. Narrator:By the fall of 1835, anti-abolitionist violence was closing in on Boston. abolitionist movement or actively opposed it. The pacifist printer chastised Brown for his role in the Pottawatomie killings, and insisted that nonviolence was still the only path to victory. American Experience | Official Site | PBS William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):Dear Lord. One of them had no doubt. David W. Blight, Historian:Lincoln calls in these five ministers and he has this back-and-forth with them -- mostly, he gives them a speech. It was the first time where he could walk down the street and not have someone spit at him, not have someone scowl and call him a nigger. Chuck Rayner John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):You can preach for all eternity and nothing will change. We strive to make each one a learning, days and events of February covered in this pack are:Fo, This unit sheds light on six relatively unknown Black, in pre-Civil War America. Garrison was chosen to draw up the organization's charter. Narrator:When the Compromise was finally sealed in late September, abolitionists were horrified. Neal Huff Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library & Museum Garrison maintained his distance, but like every abolitionist, he wondered where all this upheaval would lead. Boston Athenaeum And the big question is, "What are we gonna do with all this land acquired from Mexico?" Thomas Coleman Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Freedom is a long road, Mr. Brown. The ground upon which you stand is holy ground: never, never surrender it. On July 4, 1854 in Massachusetts, abolitionist William Lloyd Garrisonburneda copy of the constitution. Shattered glass cascaded to the floor. President Lincoln's education with and among the "white trash" of Kentucky was most unfortunate for his moral development, so that there seems to be nothing elevated and noble in his character. Sarah Lynn Dewey Erica Armstrong Dunbar, Historian:It's an expos about, of course, the horrible treatment of slaves. As fate would have it, he had come upon the new home of Harriet Beecher Stowe and her family, including a newborn named after the baby they had buried in Cincinnati. The New Bedford Whaling Museum On a hot August night in 1831, a band of armed slaves rode through the Virginia countryside, killing the white occupants of one farmhouse after another. You will receive a PDF file which contains a Video Response Worksheet and Key and a TPT Digital Activity for students (worksheet only). Narrator:Stowe had every reason to hope that her family would be spared -- they lived far from the tenements where the poor were being decimated. There was almost no one left to remember the Revolution. The ties between North and South had been replaced by resentment and suspicion. Post Production Sound Services William Britt Nathan Shifflette Susan Millar Furniture carts and common vehicles are being employed for the removal of the dead. Pre-made digital activities. Miraculously, Douglass made it to Rochester, where he boarded a boat to Canada. And so the original intention of the abolitionists was to tell the slaveholders to repent and that they would. Joseph Christofori I came as fast as I could! Cynthia Snyder Troublemakers. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):If we fail, we shall go down as we deserve to go down, as a warning to all other nations, which shall come after us. Narrator:Covey never laid a hand on Douglass again. Russell Scott, Jr. As she was recovering, Angelina wrote to Theodore, saying she hadn't realized how much he disliked her. Kwame Washington But of that time, I can know nothing and you can know nothing. I am tormented by the thought of the slave mothers whose babes are torn from them. Mrs. Grimk (Crystal Cupp):I ask you to leave him alone. Brandon Green The representatives are the betrayers of the people. Would this be anything compared with what the slaves endure? Sharif Folks Garrison, Douglass, and every other abolitionist had good reason to wonder whether Lincoln would ever sign the Emancipation Proclamation. Others killed themselves rather than go back to slavery. I was raised by my grandmother. The Republican didn't want Garrison's endorsement -- in fact, any connection to the controversial printer would be political poison. James Brewer Stewart, Historian:And Garrison can sense that this is a way to really make the abolitionist cause incarnate. Harriet Beecher Stowe (Kate Lyn Sheil, audio):Yesterday, I went downtown and found all gloomy and discouraged. Troublemakers. Jamieson Colgate Narrator:The crisis convinced Garrison that he needed to redouble his efforts. He becomes far more radical and far more anti-institutional. Fern Gnesin Michael Marunde Helen Uffner Vintage Clothing Magnolia Plantation and Gardens Abolitionist Movement - Definition & Famous Abolitionists - History Joan D. Hedrick, Historian:In the Calvinist scheme of things, if God sent you suffering it was because he loved you and he wanted to teach you something. "While I will continue to write and speak against slavery," Douglass wrote, "I have become less hopeful of its peaceful abolition. He wrote that in the mornings he would come and find 10 or 11 fugitive slaves sitting on the doorstep waiting for him to arrive in his office so that he could help shuttle them to Canada. Narrator:On the morning of December 2nd, 1859, John Brown was driven from the jail, seated on his own coffin, to the gallows nearby. I could not always obey, for it did not satisfy me to simply narrate wrongs; I felt like denouncing them. Diane Heery, C.S.A. Jennifer Fleming Rob Vaughan, Grips But the Union had to win, or the Proclamation would mean nothing. The mountains are full of natural fords. It's like a family quarrel where they're airing each other's dirty laundry, and it's not a pretty sight. He's a saint." The war was over. His own life was at risk now. In return for allowing California to join the Union as a free state, Southerners were granted the prospect of someday forming slave states in Utah and New Mexico.