Italy has begun a population decline that is expected to shrink the population to 40.18 million by the end of the century. Name Province Population Census 1981-10-25 Population Census 1991-10-20 Population Census 2001-10-21 Population Census 2011-10-09 Population Estimate 2023-01-01 ; Taormina: Messina: 10,209: The Arabs further improved irrigation systems. [108] This difference is mostly caused by the negative influence of the Mafia, which is still active in some areas, although it is much weaker than in the past. The Flag of Sicily, regarded as a regional icon, was first adopted in 1282, after the Sicilian Vespers of Palermo. These are the ten largest cities of Sicily:[100]. Sicily and its surrounding small islands have some highly active volcanoes. [167][168] The touristic town of Erice is also an important science place thanks to the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture which [32] From about 750 BC, the Greeks began to live in Sicily (Ancient Greek: Sikelia), establishing many significant settlements. The most prominent and by far the earliest of these were the Sicani, who (Thucydides writes) arrived from the Iberian Peninsula (perhaps Catalonia). [67] After Pope Innocent III made him Papal Legate in 1098, Roger I created several Catholic bishoprics while still allowing the construction of 12 Greek-speaking monasteries (the Greek language, monasteries, and 1500 parishes continued to exist until the adherents of the Greek Rite were forced in 1585 to convert to Catholicism or leave; a small pocket of Greek-speakers still live in Messina). [53] His son Constantine IV succeeded him. [113] No club from Sicily has ever won Serie A, but football is still deeply embedded in local culture and all over Sicily most towns have a representative team.[179]. [158] Oral tradition plays a large role in Sicilian folklore. In Catania there is an underground railway service (metropolitana di Catania); in Palermo the national railway operator Trenitalia operates a commuter rail (Palermo metropolitan railway service), the Sicilian Capital is also served by 4 AMAT (Comunal Public Transport Operator) tramlines; Messina is served by a tramline. Several rivers drain the island, most of which flow through the central area and enter the sea at the south of the island. Linguistically, the island shifted from being one-third Greek- and two-thirds Arabic-speaking at the time of the Norman conquest to becoming fully Latinised. There are petroleum, natural gas and asphalt fields in the Southeast (mostly near Ragusa) and massive deposits of halite in Central Sicily. [173], The most well-known part of Sicilian cuisine is the rich sweet dishes including ice creams and pastries. By sea, Sicily is served by several ferry routes and cargo ports, and in all major cities, cruise ships dock on a regular basis. Sicily is in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe, from which it is separated by the narrow Strait of Messina. Contemporary accounts report that the Greek language was widely spoken on the island during this period. About one-sixth of them lived in Lombardy, the most populous region in the country. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica Italia (web). [6] Scilly forms part of the ceremonial county of Cornwall, and some services are combined with those of Cornwall. The main agricultural products are wheat, citrons, oranges (Arancia Rossa di Sicilia IGP), lemons, tomatoes (Pomodoro di Pachino IGP), olives, olive oil, artichokes, prickly pear (Fico d'India dell'Etna DOP), almonds, grapes, pistachios (Pistacchio di Bronte DOP) and wine. [123], A table showing Sicily's different GDP (nominal and per capita) growth between 2000 and 2008:[124][125]. [98] For lack of employment, every year many Sicilians, especially young graduates, still leave the island to seek jobs abroad. [161] It is in this language that appeared the first sonnet, whose invention is attributed to Giacomo da Lentini himself. Sicily has long been associated with the arts; many poets, writers, philosophers, intellectuals, architects and painters have roots on the island. 1. The terrain of inland Sicily is mostly hilly and is intensively cultivated wherever possible. 28 October 2021. The most prominent and by far the earliest of these were the Sicani, who ( Thucydides writes) arrived from the Iberian Peninsula (perhaps Catalonia ). Famous painters include Renaissance artist Antonello da Messina, Pietro Novelli, Bruno Caruso, Renato Guttuso and Greek born Giorgio de Chirico who is commonly dubbed the "father of Surrealist art" and founder of the metaphysical art movement. There he picked up the many languages he heard spoken, such as Arabic and Greek, and learned some of the lore of the Jewish community. The Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, to the northeast of mainland Sicily form a volcanic complex. The first railway in Sicily was opened in 1863 (Palermo-Bagheria) and today all of the Sicilian provinces are served by a network of railway services, linking to most major cities and towns; this service is operated by Trenitalia. Today in Sicily most people are bilingual and speak both Italian and Sicilian, a distinct and historical Romance language. (year 2021) Inhabitants (N.) 4,833,329: Families (N.) 2,066,148: Males (%) 48.7: Females (%) 51.3: Foreigners (%) 3.8 . [155] Nowadays, Caltagirone is one of the most important centres in Sicily for the artistic production of ceramics and terra-cotta sculptures. [citation needed] The Byzantine Emperor Zeno had appointed Theodoric as a military commander in Italy. The Strait of Messina divides it from the region of Calabria in Southern Italy. The island has a long history of producing a variety of noted cuisines and wines, to the extent that Sicily is sometimes nicknamed God's Kitchen because of this. During this period, the Kingdom of Sicily was prosperous and politically powerful, becoming one of the wealthiest states in all of Europeeven wealthier than the Kingdom of England. These offer various local specialties, as well as typical Sicilian food. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Palermo and Catania have a heated rivalry and compete in the Sicilian derby together. [60][63], Roger II appointed the powerful Greek George of Antioch to be his "emir of emirs" and continued the syncretism of his father. In preparation for the invasion, the Allies revitalised the Mafia to aid them. Cannoli (singular: cannolo), a tube-shaped shell of fried pastry dough filled with a sweet filling usually containing ricotta, is strongly associated with Sicily worldwide. [84], Italy became a Republic in 1946 and, as part of the Constitution of Italy, Sicily was one of the five regions given special status as an autonomous region. Major revolutionary movements occurred in 1820 and 1848 against the Bourbon government with Sicily seeking independence; the second of which, the 1848 revolution resulted in a short period of independence for Sicily. The aforementioned factors, along with a failed land reform, resulted in a never-before-seen wave of Sicilians emigrating, first to the United States between the 1880s and the 1920s, later to Northern Italy, and from the 1960s onwards also to Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland, as well as Australia and South America. [69], Conflict between the Hohenstaufen house and the Papacy led, in 1266, to Pope Innocent IV crowning the French prince Charles, count of Anjou and Provence, as the king of both Sicily and Naples. Its capital city is Palermo. Sicily is claimed and controlled by Italy. Mount Etna rising over suburbs of Catania. By around 750 BC, Sicily had three Phoenician and a dozen Greek colonies and it was later the site of the Sicilian Wars and the Punic Wars. Also, some of the most notable and best preserved temples and other structures of the Greek world are located in Sicily. This was the first time in which an operation against the Sicilian mafia ended with considerable success. Some scholars believe that the Sicilian Jewry are partial ancestors of the Ashkenazi Jews. Mainland Sicily has several airports that serve numerous Italian and European destinations and some extra-European. [135] For the Roman province, see, Pasquale Hamel L' invenzione del regno. They brought with them Eastern Orthodoxy as well as the Greek and Arvanitika languages, once again adding onto the extensive Byzantine/Greek influence. In recent decades the wine industry has improved, new winemakers are experimenting with less-well-known native varieties, and Sicilian wines have become better known. The region has 5 million inhabitants. "Sicily." The Opera dei Pupi (Opera of the Puppets; Sicilian: pira d pupi) is a marionette theatrical representation of Frankish romantic poems such as the Song of Roland or Orlando furioso that is one of the characteristic cultural traditions of Sicily. Surrounding waters including the Strait of Messina are home to varieties of birds and marine life, including larger species such as greater flamingo and fin whale. However, in 1849 the Bourbons retook control of the island and dominated it until 1860.[77]. Sicilian Shooting* Locations, "Archaeological Area of Agrigento UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "Mount Etna Becomes a World Heritage Site", "Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefal and Monreale", "Mothia and Libeo Island: The Phoenician-Punic Civilization in Italy", "Goethe in Sicily - Best of Sicily Magazine", "Discovering the Similarity of the Greek and Sicilian Spirit", "La lingua italiana, i dialetti e le lingue straniere", Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania Homepage, The world's first molten salt concentrating solar power plant | Environment | guardian.co.uk, "A Cosa Nostra Encounter on a Sicilian Vacation", "The Foods of Sicily A Culinary Journey", "El teatro de marionetas siciliano Opera dei Puppi", "Virgin Express Inflight Magazine Catania", "The Bridge on the Strait of Messina: 'Lowering' the Right of Innocent Passage? Italy population is equivalent to 0.78% of the total world population. It is one of the five Italian autonomous regions and is officially referred to as Regione Siciliana. [44] The Vandals made another attempt to take the island one year after the 455 sack of Rome, at Agrigento, but were defeated decisively by Ricimir in a naval victory off Corsica in 456. [43] Western Sicily was overwhelmingly Muslim, and contained large plantations run by slave labor, often producing sugar. [32] Roman rule introduced the Latin language to the island, which underwent a slow process of latinisation but Sicily was remained largely Greek in a cultural sense and the Greek language did not become extinct on the island, facilitating its re-hellenisation under the Byzantines. The battle against the Mafia made by the Kingdom of Italy was controversial and ambiguous. N.p., n.d. Its linguistic and poetic heritage was later assimilated into the Florentine by Dante Alighieri, the father of modern Italian who, in his De vulgari eloquentia, claims that "In effect, this vernacular seems to deserve higher praise than the others since all the poetry written by Italians can be called Sicilian". The most important traditional event in Sicily is the carnival. The main ports for this traffic are in, Fishing ports: Like all islands, Sicily also has many fishing ports. Sicilia[Sicily] Autonomous Region 4,906,878 4,966,386 4,968,991 5,002,904 4,802,016 Agrigento Province 466,495 476,158 448,053 446,837 412,472 Caltanissetta Province 285,829 278,275 274,035 273,099 248,699 Catania Province 1,005,577 1,035,665 1,054,778 1,078,766 1,071,914 Enna Province 190,939 186,182 177,200 173,451 154,721 Messina Throughout the last decade, plans were developed for a road and rail link to the mainland via what would be the world's longest suspension bridge, the Strait of Messina Bridge. This attracted scholars, scientists, poets, artists, and artisans of all kinds. [128][129][130][131] Other main roads in Sicily are the Strade Statali, such as the SS.113 that connects Trapani to Messina (via Palermo), the SS.114 Messina-Syracuse (via Catania) and the SS.115 Syracuse-Trapani (via Ragusa, Gela and Agrigento). The major cities of Sicily start with the island region's capital of Palermo which has a population of around 640,000. Snow falls above 9001000 metres, but it can fall in the hills. Ferdinand III, the Bourbon, was forced to retreat to Sicily which he was still in control of with the help of British naval protection. It stands 3,329 metres (10,922ft) high, though this varies with summit eruptions; the mountain is 21m (69ft) lower now than it was in 1981. [11] This gradually dried the climate, leading to a decline in rainfall and the drying of rivers. The population of Italy in 2020 was 59,500,579, a 0.38% decline from 2019. Many award-winning and acclaimed films of Italian cinema have been filmed in Sicily, amongst the most noted of which are: Visconti's "La Terra Trema" and "Il Gattopardo", Pietro Germi's "Divorzio all'Italiana" and "Sedotta e Abbandonata", Tornatore's "Cinema Paradiso". [91] According to La Repubblica, "Off they go, through the streets of Passo di Rigano, Boccadifalco, Torretta and at the same time, Brooklyn, Staten Island, [and] New Jersey. The local agriculture is also helped by the pleasant climate of the island. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035. Population and households Social security and welfare Demographic indicators - Year 2021 The resident population at 1st January 2022 was 58,983,000, -253,000 on the previous year Reference period: Year 2021 | Date of Issue: 08 April 2022 Typology: Press release Themes: Population and households Households and population projections The result is partially due to the natural balance. The metro area population of Palermo in 2021 was 850,000, a 0.12% decline from 2020. Sicily Population 2023 Sicily is an island off the coast of Italy. In 1950, the population of Catania was 365,352. For other uses, see, "Sicilia" redirects here. Under the Arab rule the island was divided in three administrative regions, or "vals", roughly corresponding to the three "points" of Sicily: Val di Mazara in the west; Val Demone in the northeast; and Val di Noto in the southeast. The current population of Italy is 60,213,033 as of Monday, April 24, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Later the Normans invaded in 1061 and after taking Apulia and Calabria, Roger I occupied Messina with an army of 700 knights. [182] The cart has two wheels and is primarily handmade out of wood with iron components. [180] The event was started in 1906 by Sicilian industrialist and automobile enthusiast Vincenzo Florio, and ran until it was canceled due to safety concerns in 1977.[180]. As a result of the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, Sicily became part of the kingdom on 17 March 1861. On the political side notable philosophers include Gaetano Mosca and Giovanni Gentile who wrote The Doctrine of Fascism. [citation needed] Sicily remained a Roman province for around 700 years.[42]. The coppola is usually made in tweed. [12] Mount Etna is the largest active volcano in Europe and casts black ash over the island with its recurrent eruptions. Syracuse gained Sparta and Corinth as allies and, as a result, defeated the Athenian expedition. [156] The most noted architects are Filippo Juvarra (one of the most important figures of the Italian Baroque) and Ernesto Basile. Famous carnivals are in Acireale, Misterbianco, Regalbuto, Patern, Sciacca, Termini Imerese. Sextus Pompey had his headquarters there during the Sicilian revolt of 44 to 36 BC. His first target was Sicily (known as the Gothic War (535554) began between the Ostrogoths and the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire). The summit of Mount Etna is usually snow-capped from October to May. Italy's southern island of Sicily is a huge 10 million square chunk of volcanic land in the Mediterranean with a population of five million. Christianity first appeared in Sicily during the years following AD 200; between this time and AD 313, when Emperor Constantine the Great lifted the prohibition on Christianity, a significant number of Sicilians had become martyrs, including Agatha, Christina, Lucy, and Euplius. Because from Sicily to the US, the old mafia has returned". Peri took the snaps in 2021 and they have since resurfaced on social media with many amazed by the village's . The Sicilian marionette theatre Opera dei Pupi was proclaimed in 2001 and inscribed in 2008 in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.[181]. The Greek name was rendered as Trncra in classical Latin (Virgil, Ovid). Etna covers an area of 1,190km2 (459sqmi) with a basal circumference of 140km (87mi). Although long extinct in Sicily, the language has developed into what is now the Maltese language on the islands of Malta today. About 29 million individuals were males and 30 million people were females. Along the northern coast, the mountain ranges of Madonie, 2,000m (6,600ft), Nebrodi, 1,800m (5,900ft), and Peloritani, 1,300m (4,300ft), are an extension of the mainland Apennines. Radicini, Ninni. [179] Other noted players include Giuseppe Furino, Pietro Anastasi, Francesco Coco, Christian Rigan, and Roberto Galia. The latest population figures are result of a sampling survey combined with an evaluation of registers. Furthermore, in Sicily, high-quality wines are also produced using non-native varieties like Syrah, Chardonnay and Merlot.[117]. The opera of the puppets and the Sicilian tradition of cantastor (singers of tales) are rooted in the Provenal troubadour tradition in Sicily during the reign of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the first half of the 13th century. The Vandals found themselves in a position to threaten Sicily only 100 miles away from their North African bases. The earliest archaeological evidence of human activity on the island dates from as early as 14,000 BC. . The Salso flows through parts of Enna and Caltanissetta before entering the Mediterranean Sea at the port of Licata. [61][62], While Roger I died in 1101, his wife Adelaide ruled until 1112 when their son Roger II of Sicily came of age. Many stories passed down from generation to generation involve a character named "Giuf". All the plant is owned and operated by Enel. [97] During the first decades of Risorgimento, a rising number of southern Italian manufactories were driven into ruin due to high taxation imposed by the central government. [174], Like the cuisine of the rest of southern Italy, pasta plays an important part in Sicilian cuisine, as does rice; for example with arancini.
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